Unit 1 Week 1 Vocabulary
brainstorm -- to solve a problem by having all group members all contribute ideas freely
flattened -- made flatter, or more level or smooth
frantically -- to be wildly excited due to worry or fear
gracious -- to show kindness and politeness
muttered -- spoken in a low, unclear way
official -- to be properly approved or authorized
original -- to do, make, or think of something new or different
stale -- old or not fresh
Unit 1 Week 2 Vocabulary
advise -- to give one's opinion or to inform
desperately -- to try anything to change a hopeless situation
hesitated -- waited or stopped, especially because of feeling unsure
humiliated-- to be made to feel ashamed or foolish
inspiration -- a person or thing that stirs the mind, feelings, or imagination
self-esteem -- respect for oneself
uncomfortably -- uneasily
accountable -- to be responsible
Unit 1 Week 3 Vocabulary
alter -- to make different or change
collapse -- fall down or cave in
crisis -- a difficult or dangerous situation
destruction -- great damage or ruin
hazard -- something that can cause harm or injury
severe -- very harsh or serious
substantial -- great amount or size
unpredictable -- not able to tell beforehand (before it happens)
Unit 2 Week 1
attracted Attracted means drew the attention of
dazzling Something dazzling is so bright that it’s almost blinding
fabric Fabric is a material that is woven or knitted, such as cloth
greed Greed is a very great and selfish desire to have or get something
honest An honest person is truthful, fair, and trustworthy
requested Something requested is asked for
trudged If you trudged you walked steadily and slowly
soared flew very high in the air
Unit 2 Week 2
annoyed -- to feel bothered or irritated
attitude -- a way of thinking, acting or feeling
commotion -- a noisy disturbance
cranky -- a person who is in a bad mood or grouchy
familiar -- well known because it was seen or heard before
frustrated -- to feel disappointed by being kept from doing something
selfish -- caring only about oneself
specialty-- something that someone does particularly well
Unit 2 Week 5
brittle -- easily broken
creative -- an ability to do something in a new way
descriptive -- describes or tells about something
outstretched -- extended to full length
metaphor -- compares two unlike things (poetry term)
simile -- compares two unlike things using "like" or "as" (poetry term)
rhyme -- words with the same vowel sound and ending sound (poetry term)
meter -- a pattern of syllables in a line of poetry (poetry term)
Unit 3 Week 1
scrounging -- trying to obtain or collect something with difficulty
acquaintance -- someone you know but who is not a close friend
cautiously -- To do something with care
complementary -- makes something whole or complete
jumble -- a confused mixture or condition
logical -- makes sense and is based on reason
scornfully -- to say or do something in a way that shows dislike or that you are making fun
trustworthy -- reliable
Unit 3 Week 3
boycott -- a planned joining with others in refusing to buy from or deal with a person, nation, or business
encouragement -- support that inspires hope and confidence
fulfill -- to carry out or finish
injustice -- a lack of justice or fairness
mistreated -- treated badly by others
protest -- objecting to something
qualified -- having the needed abilities to do something
registered -- having his or her names placed on a list
Unit 4 Week 2
accompanies -- goes along with something
campaign -- a series of actions planned and carried out to bring about a particular result
governor -- a person elected to be the head of a state government in the United States
intend -- to have a purpose or plan in mind
opponent -- a person or group that is against another in a fight, contest, or discussion
overwhelming -- overcoming or overpowering completely
tolerate -- to put up with or endure someone or something
weary -- to be very tired
Unit 4 Week 3
technology -- use of science for practical purposes especially in engineering and industry
decade -- a period of ten years
directing -- the act of giving instructions, ordering or commanding
engineering -- the work that uses scientific knowledge for practical things such as building bridges
gleaming -- something shining or glowing
scouted -- to have looked at or explored in order to find out and collect information
squirmed -- turned and twisted; can't be still
tinkering -- puttering or keeping busy in an aimless way
Unit 3 Week 4
address -- a formal speech
divided -- separated into parts or pieces
haste -- done with quickness in moving or in acting
opposed -- to be against someone or something
perish -- to disappear or vanish
proclamation -- an official public announcement of something
shattered -- completely destroyed or ruined
tension -- mental or emotional strain
Unit 5 Week 2
shrivel -- shrink, wrinkle or wither
plunging -- falling or moving downward very quickly
prospector -- someone that looks for gold, silver or other minerals in the ground
scoffed -- expressed ridicule or contempt toward something
settlement -- a place where people live when they first arrive in an area that is new to them
territories -- large areas of land where people start living in a region new to them
topple -- to collapse or fall
withered -- dried up from the heat or lack of moisture
Unit 5 Week 3
procedure -- a proper way of doing something, usually by a series of steps
dizzy -- the feeling of spinning or that you are about to fall
experiment -- a test that is used to discover or prove something by watching the results carefully
genuine -- something real or what it seems to be
hilarious -- very funny
mischief -- behavior that causes minor harm or annoyance
nowadays -- in the present day
politician -- a person who holds or seeks a government office
Gold Rush Vocabulary
Californio -- An early California colonist of Mexican or Spanish descent and their descendants
sawmill -- A place where timber is cut into boards
nugget -- A piece of gold or other valuable metal, as it is found in nature
mining camp -- A place where miners work and live, usually for a short time
prospector -- A person who looks for minerals, such as gold
natural resources -- Materials, such as water, minerals, energy, and soil, that people use from nature and natural systems
tailings -- The stones, sand, and soil left over after mining
squatter -- A person who lives on land o in a building without permission from the owner
levee -- A raised bank beside a river formed naturally or built to control flooding
hydraulic -- Something that is moved or powered by water or another liquid
brainstorm -- to solve a problem by having all group members all contribute ideas freely
flattened -- made flatter, or more level or smooth
frantically -- to be wildly excited due to worry or fear
gracious -- to show kindness and politeness
muttered -- spoken in a low, unclear way
official -- to be properly approved or authorized
original -- to do, make, or think of something new or different
stale -- old or not fresh
Unit 1 Week 2 Vocabulary
advise -- to give one's opinion or to inform
desperately -- to try anything to change a hopeless situation
hesitated -- waited or stopped, especially because of feeling unsure
humiliated-- to be made to feel ashamed or foolish
inspiration -- a person or thing that stirs the mind, feelings, or imagination
self-esteem -- respect for oneself
uncomfortably -- uneasily
accountable -- to be responsible
Unit 1 Week 3 Vocabulary
alter -- to make different or change
collapse -- fall down or cave in
crisis -- a difficult or dangerous situation
destruction -- great damage or ruin
hazard -- something that can cause harm or injury
severe -- very harsh or serious
substantial -- great amount or size
unpredictable -- not able to tell beforehand (before it happens)
Unit 2 Week 1
attracted Attracted means drew the attention of
dazzling Something dazzling is so bright that it’s almost blinding
fabric Fabric is a material that is woven or knitted, such as cloth
greed Greed is a very great and selfish desire to have or get something
honest An honest person is truthful, fair, and trustworthy
requested Something requested is asked for
trudged If you trudged you walked steadily and slowly
soared flew very high in the air
Unit 2 Week 2
annoyed -- to feel bothered or irritated
attitude -- a way of thinking, acting or feeling
commotion -- a noisy disturbance
cranky -- a person who is in a bad mood or grouchy
familiar -- well known because it was seen or heard before
frustrated -- to feel disappointed by being kept from doing something
selfish -- caring only about oneself
specialty-- something that someone does particularly well
Unit 2 Week 5
brittle -- easily broken
creative -- an ability to do something in a new way
descriptive -- describes or tells about something
outstretched -- extended to full length
metaphor -- compares two unlike things (poetry term)
simile -- compares two unlike things using "like" or "as" (poetry term)
rhyme -- words with the same vowel sound and ending sound (poetry term)
meter -- a pattern of syllables in a line of poetry (poetry term)
Unit 3 Week 1
scrounging -- trying to obtain or collect something with difficulty
acquaintance -- someone you know but who is not a close friend
cautiously -- To do something with care
complementary -- makes something whole or complete
jumble -- a confused mixture or condition
logical -- makes sense and is based on reason
scornfully -- to say or do something in a way that shows dislike or that you are making fun
trustworthy -- reliable
Unit 3 Week 3
boycott -- a planned joining with others in refusing to buy from or deal with a person, nation, or business
encouragement -- support that inspires hope and confidence
fulfill -- to carry out or finish
injustice -- a lack of justice or fairness
mistreated -- treated badly by others
protest -- objecting to something
qualified -- having the needed abilities to do something
registered -- having his or her names placed on a list
Unit 4 Week 2
accompanies -- goes along with something
campaign -- a series of actions planned and carried out to bring about a particular result
governor -- a person elected to be the head of a state government in the United States
intend -- to have a purpose or plan in mind
opponent -- a person or group that is against another in a fight, contest, or discussion
overwhelming -- overcoming or overpowering completely
tolerate -- to put up with or endure someone or something
weary -- to be very tired
Unit 4 Week 3
technology -- use of science for practical purposes especially in engineering and industry
decade -- a period of ten years
directing -- the act of giving instructions, ordering or commanding
engineering -- the work that uses scientific knowledge for practical things such as building bridges
gleaming -- something shining or glowing
scouted -- to have looked at or explored in order to find out and collect information
squirmed -- turned and twisted; can't be still
tinkering -- puttering or keeping busy in an aimless way
Unit 3 Week 4
address -- a formal speech
divided -- separated into parts or pieces
haste -- done with quickness in moving or in acting
opposed -- to be against someone or something
perish -- to disappear or vanish
proclamation -- an official public announcement of something
shattered -- completely destroyed or ruined
tension -- mental or emotional strain
Unit 5 Week 2
shrivel -- shrink, wrinkle or wither
plunging -- falling or moving downward very quickly
prospector -- someone that looks for gold, silver or other minerals in the ground
scoffed -- expressed ridicule or contempt toward something
settlement -- a place where people live when they first arrive in an area that is new to them
territories -- large areas of land where people start living in a region new to them
topple -- to collapse or fall
withered -- dried up from the heat or lack of moisture
Unit 5 Week 3
procedure -- a proper way of doing something, usually by a series of steps
dizzy -- the feeling of spinning or that you are about to fall
experiment -- a test that is used to discover or prove something by watching the results carefully
genuine -- something real or what it seems to be
hilarious -- very funny
mischief -- behavior that causes minor harm or annoyance
nowadays -- in the present day
politician -- a person who holds or seeks a government office
Gold Rush Vocabulary
Californio -- An early California colonist of Mexican or Spanish descent and their descendants
sawmill -- A place where timber is cut into boards
nugget -- A piece of gold or other valuable metal, as it is found in nature
mining camp -- A place where miners work and live, usually for a short time
prospector -- A person who looks for minerals, such as gold
natural resources -- Materials, such as water, minerals, energy, and soil, that people use from nature and natural systems
tailings -- The stones, sand, and soil left over after mining
squatter -- A person who lives on land o in a building without permission from the owner
levee -- A raised bank beside a river formed naturally or built to control flooding
hydraulic -- Something that is moved or powered by water or another liquid